About Cappadocia Turkey

Millions of years ago, the volcanos of Erciyes, Hasandag and melendiz mountains erupted and covered Cappadocia with a layer of tuff. Over millennia, this tuff layer was eroded, producing earth formations that, in turn, inspired cave art that has carried the imprint of ancient civilisations to our times. The earliest human settlements in Cappadocia date to the Palaeolithic Period, and the written history of the region goes back to the Hittites. Throughout its history, Cappadocia has served as an important trading post and bridge between the various lands of the Silk Road.

In the Upper Miocene epoch, the volcanos under the lakes erupted and spouted lava. The lava formed a plateau, a landscape that smaller eruptions constantly altered. During the Upper Pliocene epoch, the Kizilirimak River, together with lesser streams and lakes, cut deep into the tuff plateau, and the region gradually began to take its present shape.

Wind and rainwater flowing down the sides of valleys eroded the tuff structure, and sculpted the formations known as “fairy chimneys”. The principle type of “fairy chimney” in Cappadocia is the conical rock structures topped with a hat, either a cone or a mushroom shaped cap.

The cultures of the Prehistoric Period of Cappadocia can best be seen in the following formations; Kosk Mound in Nigde city, Asikli Mound in Aksaray city and Civelek Cave in Nevsehir city. The human settlement in Cappadocia began during the Prehistoric Period, and the era of Assyrian Civilisation in the region began during the Early Bronze Age. Trading reached its zenith in that era, and it is to this period that the first examples of writing in Anatolia date. The Cappadocia Tablets written in Old Assyrian cuneiform script, deal with methods of taxation, interest rates, and marriage contracts.

The early Hattian settlers were followed by the empires of Hittitei Phrygian, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman, and each left its mark on the enchanting landscape of Cappadocia.

Cappadocia, situated on the principal trading routes of the Silk Road, was a meeting place for different philosophies and religions each of which left a historical and cultural impression on the region. Christians who had left Jerusalem in the 2nd century AD passed through Antakya and Kayseri to arrive in Central Anatolia, and settled in the vicinity of Derinkuyu.

These early Christians, facing the oppression of the Roman Emperors, found refuge against raids in the subterranean cities of the region. Here the soft rock allowed the excavation of elaborate dwellings, food stores, water wells and cisterns, wineries and places of worship, enabling habitation for a prolonged period.

Monemvasia of Greece

Monemvasia’s history goes all the way back to the time of the Byzantine, Venetian and Ottoman rulers. The town had become a flourishing port during the reign of these empires. Today, the old city remains, even though only a few people live here year-round. But during its heyday in the 12th century, thousands chose to live in this Greek town to take advantage of its huge shipping and trading industry. But Monemvasia is not forgotten. During your visit, you will be among the many who will come here to uncover its dramatic past.

The old section of Monemvasia is often called Kastro (castle), while the New Monemvasia is known as Yefira. A causeway links the sections to each other. A number of bars, taverns and accommodation facilities in Monemvasia are situated in the newer town, while the Kastro section has kept its traditional appearance.

The Kastro is further divided into two; the lower and upper town. It is in the lower town where you can find the ruins of 800 traditional houses that were originally built here. There are also four original churches that are still standing today. Previously, there were around 40 churches that occupied the town! Don’t miss the opportunity to explore and experience these important pieces of architecture. The oldest of these churches is named St. Paul’s, built during 956. Aside from being a place of worship, this church also maintains a museum. The other churches to explore are the 16th century Our Lady of Hrisafittisa, St. Sophia and Church of the Elkomenos Christ, located in the city central square.

St. Sophia Church (Aghia Sophia) is a well-known 11th century Byzantine monument, situated in the upper town, nestling dramatically on cliffs. One reason why St. Sophia is unique is its octagonal shape, which was a direct result of the architectural influence from Constantinople. It also dazzles visitors with its exquisite marble reliefs and sculptured door. From the upper town, you will find a zigzag road that leads you to the Fortress of Goulas. This impressive castle sits on a hill and gives an outstanding panorama of the entire town.

After seeing the ruins and churches, take your time to drink in the exceptional views of the Aegean Sea. If the day is clear and you get lucky, you may even see Crete from afar. If you like hiking, then go ahead and conquer the lush trail to the highest peak in the upper town measuring approximately 656 feet above sea level. To cool off, make your way to the rocky beaches with clear water and take a short dip or a long relaxing swim, your call!

Visit to Salzburg With Children

Be Prepared

If you’re travelling with children, the number one priority during the duration of the visit will, naturally, be everyone’s safety. One of the most common concerns of parents when they travel with younger members of the family is that they may wander off and get lost. It’s important to have a well-thought out plan in case something like this happens. Prepare a series of steps you will all follow in case a family member wanders off and familiarise everybody with some of the city landmarks as you ride in on the Salzburg airport transfers. While the city is, indeed, considered very safe and easy to get around, it’s imperative when travelling abroad to educate children on their location. Point out landmarks in the vicinity of your hotel, as well, and their proximity to attractions you may visit, such as the Old Town, Hellbrunn Palace, the Museum of Modern Art and the Hohensalzburg Fortress.

Help Them Reflect on the Destination

Once the safety measures are all set in place, switch gears and remember that you are visiting the city for the children as much as yourself. Younger children may not yet fully grasp the cultural and historical significance of the Hellbrunn Palace or the famous Cathedral, but you could help them process their reaction to the beautiful (but unfamiliar) architecture of these buildings by providing them a journal to write down their findings. Being able to chronicle the experience will help them pay attention more to each attraction you visit. Even on the journey in on the Salzburg airport transfers, point out the attractions that you’re planning to take them back to visit so they can get excited about the prospect.

Encourage Children to Connect

Teaching your children simple phrases such as “thank you” and “you’re welcome” in German can not only be fun, but also help them feel connected to the locals. It can be overwhelming for young children to visit an unfamiliar country, so teaching them a few words of the language will help ease their unfamiliarity. At attractions like Residenzplatz, the famous square in Altstadt, the city’s historic centre, they can try out their new skills in the cafes or shops. Encourage them to chat to the Salzburg airport transfers driver on the way in to test out their language skills, then compare them on the way back to the airport to see how they’ve progressed.

Marinas of Gibraltar

There are many direct flights to Gibraltar, which is still a military base, with an airport to match! Arriving there is not for the feint hearted as cross winds can make it a very bumpy landing. The only runway extends out across the water, making it appear as though you are landing on the sea. In addition the main frontier road crosses the runway, with traffic held at level crossing gates whilst planes arrive and depart.

There are a total of three marinas which are Marina Bay,Queensway Quay, and Sheppards. The first two are the most well established. Marina Bay is situated on the West side of the Rock and has a draft of 4.5 metre and over 200 berths. All pontoons offer fresh water, power supply, telephone, fax, and satellite TV. There is also wireless internet available via a local provider. On the main pier there are the usual toilet facilities etc. For larger yachts there are 30 moorings which can accommodate 25-30m boats, and 15 for 30m plus yachts. Boats can be moored alongside and stern to. The maximum length of yacht is 75m with a max draught of 4.3m. There is no limit on the beam. As a rough guide to prices, in high season an 18-21m boat will cost 30 GBP per night, and 19 GBP in low season. The nearest airport is Gibraltar which is almost walking distance!!

Queensway Quay is the newest and most modern, and is located just North of the Rock, and currently has a new breakwater under construction. It can accommodate 209 vessels, and can take yachts up to 80m. There are 14 berths for yachts between 25 and 30 metres, and only 1 for yachts in excess of 30 metres, although we understand this will increase following development within the port. The maximum draught is 4.5metres and maximum beam 15metres. Each has fresh water, power, telephone, fax and Satellite TV. Boats can be tied up alongside and stern to. All points are connected to a pc in the harbour office which allow statements to be prepared promptly so that owners can get underway quickly. A local company is currently constructing waterside properties which will each have their own 20 metre mooring alongside.

Sheppards provides the only yacht repair yard in Gibraltar, run by H Sheppard and Co Ltd. The facility currently has 150 moorings and it is mostly used by locals. It can be a problem to find space if your stay is very short. Fees vary but for a 12m plus vessel are approximately £ 0.40 per metre in low season to £0.90 per metre in high season. The contact details are as follows : Marina Bay, Bayside Road, Gibraltar, Tel: +350 73300 or Fax +350 42656. Queensway Quay PO Box 19, Ragged Staff Wharf, Gibraltar, Tel: +350 44700 or Fax + 350 44699. Finally the contact details for Sheppards is Tel: +00350 75148 or Fax +00350 42535. The VHF channel is 71.

Savings on Cheap Cruises

Shop Around

Nowadays the internet has been a good venue which offers different types of information such as directing people to sites where they can find cheap cruises. Do not jump into the first cheap cruise package you come across, instead bookmark it for further review and evaluation.

Apart from using the “cheap cruise” keyword when you run the search engine, why not try “affordable cruise.” You may also key-in other alternative words which are synonymous to the word “cheap”.

The internet is not the only option. You can also opt to look over the yellow pages and call travel companies within or nearby your area. Try to let them orient you of their different cheap cruise packages. Additionally, you can ask for friend’s referral, especially if they have been into a discounted cruise.

Type of Cheap Cruise Package

Most cheap cruise packages are being offered during the following circumstances:

  • Off-peak season. There are months which are less traveled. During these months, most travel companies reduce their traveling fees to draw people’s attention in considering cruising.
  • Cruises which are repositioned. Due to higher demand to a certain place, there are travel companies which reposition their destination. By doing so, they keep the prices low.
  • Introductory Cruises. Most travel companies which introduces their cruise ships give discounts to anyone who wish to go out for a cruise.

Getting Ahead: Ready to Pack

Once you are done and you have carefully chosen the most suitable cheap cruise package for you, it is time to consider the things you will need for your much-awaited vacation.

Most travelers go wrong when they try to pack, instead of saving money; they tend to overindulge on some unimportant things such as:

  • Clothes. A pair of new attire for your cruise is enough. You can use your existing clothes to use for your cruise. By doing so, you will be able to cut off your expenses. These days, the prices of clothes are getting expensive every time you visit the mall.
  • Other belongings. It is best to keep your belongings countable and easy to carry. Choose bags or shoes that most likely will be utilized. Check with your travel company the itinerary so you know what important belongings to pack.
  • Credit cards. You are in a budget cruise. Bringing credit cards will tempt you to splurge on unnecessary items. Hence, it is recommended that you bring cash instead of credit cards. By doing so, you will be able to properly allocate your funds depending on the available money on hand.

Beauty of Bavaria

History of Bavaria

Salzburg was actually part of Bavaria until it got its independence in the 14th century and became an independent principality within the then German Empire. With the changing tides of history, it became a part of Austria in the 19th century, but the cultural ties with Bavaria remain very strong to this day. Today, many people commute between the two countries for work and share many features such as literature, accent and cuisine.

Bavaria part of Germany

Bavaria was also an independent state and only became part of the German Empire in 1871. It was a rural area until after the Second World War, when parts became highly industrialised, and it is now a vibrant economic centre. There are still many beautiful and wild places to visit, like the Bavarian Alps, where you’ll find oasis where you can relax and enjoy the wonderful scenery and wildlife.

Alpine Splendour

Berchtesgaden, in Bavaria, is easy to get to using Salzburg airport transportation. In fact, it is just over 30 minutes’ drive. This area was made into a protected national park in 1978 and is one of the oldest protected areas in the Alps. Here you can experience the wonderful flora and fauna, either on guided tours or independently. There are beautiful alpine meadows, and forests adorning the mountainside where you could see, if you are lucky, Golden Eagles. You may also see the Alpine Salamander and Blue Hares to spot when you are hiking in this spectacular region.

Spectacular boat trips

One of the highlights of this trip has got to be Lake Königssee, renowned as Germany’s most beautiful alpine lake. The lake is about five miles long and is surrounded by sheer mountain walls. As there is no path around the lake, if you want to see this incredible place a boat journey is a must. This is one of Germany’s deepest and cleanest lakes and there are boat trips where you can glide over its crystal-clear water and marvel at the stupendous scenery that surrounds this lovely spot. There are two stops: Salet and Sankt Bartholomä.

Baroque Church

As you slowly cross the lake there appears a wonderful mirage: Sankt Bartholomä, a Baroque church with fantastic red rounded turrets and white walls surrounded by mountains, lakes and trees. It is truly a magical place. It was first built in the 12th century and remodelled in the Baroque style in 1697. As the boat stops here you can get out and explore the small town; there is also a restaurant, where you can sit and have lunch overlooking the lake.

Tips To A Discounted Cruise

  • schedule your time even a few weeks before or after the peak season you’ll save substantially. For example, the Alaska Cruise will have it’s peak season during July and August. If you can sail before or after those dates you’ll save.
  • Decide which cruise line you want to sail on. Some travel agencies tend to push a specific cruise line for various reasons, one reason is the agency receives a higher commission. Norwegian Cruise Lines, for the most part, will yield a better savings. Do a little homework and check out the amenities on each vessel to make sure it meets your expectations.
  • Don’t be miss-led when you see advertised specials such as Discount Luxury Cruise”, $599″. These advertisements are usually for off-season and do not include port fees and taxes.
  • Get a cruise quote that includes port fees and taxes. If
    the agency is unable to give that information to you then find another agency. Your interest should be the bottom line, the total cost with NO Hidden Fees. Port fees can run a couple hundred dollars per passenger, just be aware.
  • Unless you plan on spending a lot of time in your cabin, get
    an inside cabin. An inside cabin, without a window, is by far the cheapest. The drawback to an inside cabin, you’ll never know what time of day it is sense no “day light” comes into your room. Make sure to have a clock.
  • Cabin rates are typically based on a 2-person occupancy.
    In other words, the first 2-people in the cabin will pay the full-fare, additional people will pay 1/2 the fare. If
    you plan on having more than 2-people in a cabin, make sure you are NOT paying full fare for the extra 2-people. If so, find another agency.
  • Cruise insurance is often recommended by the agency when booking your cruise. Don’t purchase cruise insurance from a travel agency, get it from an insurance company. You’ll not only save money but you’ll probably get a better policy too. We recommend the insurance because with the correct policy you are covered for trip cancellation either on your part or the cruise line, medical and luggage.
  • Cruising with a group does not always save you money on your cruise. If you are cruising with a group because you want to save money, think again, you may not be saving at all. The organizer of your group, if the group consists of 8-cabins, will usually
    get the cruise for free. They are the true savers.
  • Check out your Sunday paper’s travel section long before you cruise. It’ll give you an idea of what the market is like.

Holidays Afloat

Yachting means you aren’t confined to any one area, or even any one island; giving you the opportunity to visit various beaches, coves and beautiful coastlines on your travels. Alternatively, you can remain on your boat and watch the sun rises and the sun set over the clear horizon of the sea. Whether you are looking for an action packed vacation in the destinations of your dreams or a tranquil, even romantic getaway for you, your family and loved ones. The possibilities are endless.

Where you can go on your yachting vacation

Whether you choose to go bareboat, take a captain, or even an entire crew there is bound to be a destination to suit you. Many destinations offer the complete package for your vacation. Spend a couple of days in a secluded cove, exploring the beaches and seeing the beautiful plants and wildlife and then the rest of your vacation in the exotic harbour on the next island. Everything is possible on a yachting vacation.

Greece

Greece offers a number of popular destinations for mooring your yacht. Each island offering you a new surf washed beach combined with traditional Greek villages and exquisite countryside and mountains. The local restaurants and taverns are friendly and welcoming offering some fantastic Greek cuisine and drink.

A short distance away from the harbours you will be able to find a busy and popular nightlife, if required and historical excavations, museums and hospitable people always more than willing to idle away the time with you. For those not proficient in the local language there is no need to worry, a vast majority of the locals speak very fluent English and are usually only too happy to put it into practise.

Turkey

The mainland of Turkey offers a combination of quaint and quiet villages with the occasional large town for stocking up on provisions and some fantastic sight seeing. The whole country is awash with ancient ruins from the numerous cultures that have resided there, giving ruins and buildings to visit suiting everyone’s needs.

The larger towns have regular bazaars that bring Turkish crafts both ancient and modern and a sea of many different colours. The smells, sights and sounds are an experience you will never forget.

The Turkish people are friendly and outgoing and, while English is not the predominantly spoken language, the hospitality of the people means between you there will always be a way around the language barrier. Again, the local cuisine is exquisite and the fresh fish is a delicacy that everyone should try at least once in a lifetime. There are numerous small or large harbours and even deserted coves where you can moor your yacht.

The Caribbean

The Caribbean is a very popular destination for many sailors, and is perfect for a romantic break or a honeymoon. The bright blue seas and the clear skies make the Caribbean a picture perfect destination for a tranquil vacation. However, if you are after something a little more exciting the open seas offer an abundance of opportunity for scuba diving, snorkelling and water skiing. There are plenty of beach bars and places to try the local fish dishes and other cuisine and the weather is almost always perfect.

Numerous islands offering many beaches and coves means you will never get bored if you take your next yachting vacation in the Caribbean.

Why a yacht?

Imagine opening your eyes in the morning, pouring yourself a coffee and stepping out onto the deck of your yacht; the sun rising and not a sound to be heard apart from the occasional drift of the waves and the noise of the wildlife. Yachting provides one of the most tranquil vacations you can imagine. You don’t have loud neighbours and there is no danger of getting the room next to the toilets. Stock your yacht with enough provisions for the week and you don’t need to see a single person for your entire vacation.

Even the novices get a chance too; you can charter not only the vessel but also the crew or just the captain to go with you. There’s no need to worry about the invasion of privacy, as the crewmembers are usually very experienced in knowing when to make themselves scarce or when you may need an explanation of some of the surrounding beauty and sites.

Great Places to Study In Paris

Municipal Libraries

You’ll find a number of libraries in the various municipalities around Paris. Hostels may even be just a short walk from a library – known locally as bibliothèques – and there are some that cater mostly to students. These libraries are also a great resource, with students often able to borrow books that may not easily found on the Internet – especially those in French. If you’re staying for an extended period, you may be able to apply for a public library card to be granted borrowing privileges for a wide array of libraries – from the Bibliothèque Historique de la Ville de Paris to the Arsenal Library. The interlibrary lending program even means you may even be able to find that obscure book you’ve never been able to get your hands on. Free Wi-Fi is always a welcome resource for students as well.

Parc de Bercy

Located beside the Seine, this is a wonderful place to escape when you want to study in a quiet place away from the hustle and bustle of Paris. Hostels are never far from a city green space, but Parc de Bercy offers a particularly tranquil ambience. The park itself is a work of natural beauty shaped by the hands of man, and it’s not hard to find a quiet spot to get some reviewing done in peace.

La Caféothèque de Paris

Café chains like Starbucks are a popular choice for those looking to sip a coffee in a relaxed atmosphere. Some cafés, however, offer a warmer, cosier and (most importantly) quieter atmosphere for students to study in peace. La Caféothèque de Paris is one such locale. Not only does it offer an ambience of comfort and cosiness rolled into one neat package, but it also brews up some excellent specialty coffee as well. It’s situated at 52 Rue de l’Hôtel-de-Ville, which is an easy walk from many of the Paris hostels.

A l’Heure du Thé

If you’re more of a tea person, A l’Heure du Thé – which roughly translates to “a time for tea” – is for you. A l’Heure du Thé can serve up whatever tea you want, whether you’re hankering for a traditional pot of Earl Grey or more exotic fare like Chinese lapsang souchoung black tea. The cosy and composed atmosphere makes it a perfect choice for students looking for a quiet study nook. It’s located at 23 Rue Lacépède.

Cool Port City of Antwerp Belgium

Antwerp has a flourishing shipping and trading industry due to having the largest port in all of Europe. This economic powerhouse is also home to the Antwerp Fashion Academy, which has been continuing to develop new talents in the designing world since the 1980’s. Antwerp has also been dubbed the “world’s leading diamond city” as this is where over 70% of all diamonds are traded. So if you have some serious diamond shopping to do, this is the right spot! Browse around the selection of shops at the diamond district near the Railway Station and get acquainted with this precious stone. At night, Antwerp has no intention of making you retire early. With its wide selection of groovy restaurants and bars, the city is a lively companion until the wee hours.

The well-known baroque painter Pieter Paul Ruben was born and raised in Antwerp, and today, the city honors him by turning his former residence (Rubenshuis) into one of Antwerpís most important and popularly visited museums that showcases his life’s work. Another impressive museum you should visit is the MAS or Museum aan de Stroom. Aside from telling a great story about Antwerp’s history, the museum’s 60-meter high tower is an excellent example of Avant-garde architecture. After browsing the museum collection, proceed to the top of the tower to get your memorable 360∞ panorama of the city.

Despite having a penchant for the new and contemporary, Antwerp has managed to preserve its medieval center. Here, you will find delight just walking around the cobbled streets, sipping coffee at quaint cafes and admiring the 16th to 17th century buildings and monuments that abound. The market square in particular, is populated by medieval guild homes that are commonly seen in old Flemish towns. Other must-see landmarks include the Gothic-Renaissance style city hall, the exquisite fortress beside the river and the magnificent Gothic Cathedral of Our Lady. Standing at more than 400 feet, this is one of the biggest Cathedrals in Northern Europe. Inside, you can find some of best paintings of the artist Ruben.

If you want to explore the center at a fashionable and relaxed pace, go for a horse and carriage tour. Another sightseeing alternative is the city’s own version of a hop on/hop off double-decker tour bus aptly called the Antwerp Diamond. This bus tour brings you to seven of the best known spots and is a great introduction to the city.

One of the prime attractions in the city is the Antwerp Zoo. Founded in 1843, this zoo is the oldest in the country and one of the oldest in the world. Located at the heart of the city, the zoo houses about 5000 animals who call the zoo home. After admiring these creatures, you will also want to explore its lovely garden area.

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